The fresh Impression from Kurdish and you can Turkish with the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect away from Persian Azerbaijan additionally the Adjacent Places

—–. 1989. The latest Sentence structure and Semantics from Verb Morphology when you look at the Progressive Aramaic: A beneficial Jewish Dialect out of Iraqi Kurdistan. Western China Collection, 69. The brand new Retreat: Western Chinese language Community.

Meehan, Charles, and Jacqueline Alon. 1979. The fresh new Boy Whose Tunic Stuck to Your: A beneficial Folktale regarding Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect out of Zakho (Iraqi Kurdistan). Israel China Education nine:174-203.

Sabar, Yona. 1976. Lel-Huza: Story and you will Records within the a pattern of Lamentations for the Ninth regarding Abdominal regarding Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect off Zakho. JSS -62.

—–. 1988. The ebook out of Exodus inside the Neo-Aramaic regarding the Dialect of one's Jewish Area of Zakho [Hebrew]. Jerusalem: Magnes Press.

Such half dozen binyanim off Syriac was in fact reduced in NENA so you're able to a couple of very first classes, that have a 3rd directly allied into the next

Thomason, Sarah Grey, and you can Terrence Kaufman. 1988. Words Get in touch with, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics. Berkeley and Los angeles: Univ. away from California Drive.

The initial group originated from the new peal, the next classification in the pael, while the 3rd, whoever vocalism follows that another, is derived from the newest afel

Some other foundation complicating the challenge is the differential impacts of the some co-territorial dialects. The dialect differences inside Kurdish are particularly considerable, and also to the feeling are going to be tracked a number of the adaptation one of NENA dialects. For example, the fresh new Jewish Neo-Aramaic of Halabja, like the Kurdish of one's town, cannot differentiate a present and you can future demanding, but where Kurdish keeps instance a big difference, therefore does Neo-Aramaic. Within the Azerbaijan, Turkish provides exerted strong effect on this new Jewish dialect (Garbell 1965b), therefore the languages of one's basic off Mosul tell you an effective influence out of Arabic perhaps not viewed someplace else.

Tkhuma (Tx): What out-of descendants from emigrants from 1 of your own partial-separate ashirets of the southern part of Chicken, now citizen along side Khabur Area when you look at the Syria. Info is from Jacobi (1973) and my cards.

(5) Syriac had three basic verbal stems, the new peal, the newest pael, and afel. To these have been extra three inactive stems, molded regarding the very first ones by the prefixation from elizabeth[Theta]-: the fresh new e[Theta]pael, brand new e[Theta]paal, in addition to ettafal. This example exists during NENA. In most NENA languages, verbs tend to stay static in the new verb groups in which they certainly were utilized in before levels of vocabulary. That is, the latest descendant out-of good Syriac peal verb would be a beneficial NENA Category I verb, and you may an excellent Syriac pael verb might possibly be a beneficial NENA Class II verb: such as for example, Urmi ptaxa 'open' away from before peal, and you may sadure 'send' out-of before pael. Although not, inside Jewish Azerbaijani, Halabja, and perhaps Koy Sanjaq, the class membership could have been reorganized and that's predictable on basis of form of the brand new stalk as opposed to its historical provider. Particularly, into the Azerbaijani brand new C base gets the function CaCoC- having sound verbs, any sort of their origin, and you can CCaC- having center-weak verbs: garosen 'I have always been pulling', but kwasan 'I (f.) am descending' (Garbell 1965, 64).

(11) Various other extremely tall development during the NENA is the 3rd people copula with l: ile 'he is', ila 'she is'. This type will get obtain (Noldeke 1868, 203) away from we[Theta] leh 'he has', but no copula like it is situated outside NENA. The initial and 2nd person don't possess an enthusiastic l, except in Jewish Azerbaijani, the spot where the l has been generalized from the paradigm: Jilu iwIt 'you (masc.) are', Aradhin i:earn 'I (masc.) am', Azerbai big' (Garbell 1965, 64). ile is located through the NENA but inside Halabja, which has -(y)e: yarxa rahamim-ye 'it 's the week of mercy'. None Turoyo neither Mandaic keeps forms parallel so you can ile: Turoyo harke-yo 'he are here', harke-no 'I was here'; Mandaic basim-ye 'he are charming', basim-na 'I am charming' (Macuch 1965, 443).

(19) The existing Aramaic keyword to have 'son', bra inside the BT, could have been offered in all NENA except Hertevin because of the addition of one's diminutive suffix -ona/-una: Azerbaijan Jewish brona (Garbell 1965, 297), Jilu bruna (Fox 1992, 51), Aradhin bru:na (Krotkoff 1982, 122), Tisqopa brona (Rubba, individual telecommunications), Zakho brona (Meehan and Alon 1979, 177). However, one another Turoyo and you will Mandaic has an epenthetic vowel, however, zero suffix: Turoyo ?abro (Jastrow 1985, 221), and you will Mandaic eber or ebra (Macuch 1965, 520).

b) Sometimes, Hertevin aligns having Turoyo, contrary to the rest of NENA. It does not have a beneficial CCaCa present stressful (6), has no sodir preterite (12), has no preposition ta (15), and uses ruh in order to create reflexive pronouns (14).

—–. 1965. The brand new Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect regarding Persian Azerbaijan: Linguistic Study and Folkloristic Messages. Janua Linguarum, show practica step 3. The fresh Hague: Mouton.